" Communism's rise and eventual fall in Eastern Europe is one of the great stories of the 20th century. Within this context, the Russian Revolution's role and legacy overshadows all else. In Was Revolution Inevitable?, former British Ambassador to Russia Sir Tony Brenton has gathered essays by leading historians to trace the events that led to the overthrow of the Tsarist regime and to pinpoint moments when those events could have unfolded in a drastically different way. What would the world be like had Fanny Kaplan succeeded in assassinating Vladimir Lenin in 1918? What if the Bolsheviks had never imposed the brutal "War Communism" initiatives that devastated the Russian peasants? What if Rasputin had talked Nicholas II out of involvement in World War One, which effectively led to the Revolution and sealed the demise of the Romanov dynasty? Preeminent scholars, including Orlando Figes, Richard Pipes, Douglas Smith, and Martin Sixsmith, ruminate on these questions and many others, assembling a series of pivotal moments that reveal what might have gone differently, and, if so, what the repercussions would have been. The contributors take a variety of approaches, from imagining an alternate history, to carefully studying a precarious moment of contingency, to disproving popular imagined alternatives. All of the chapters, however, shed light on Lenin's rise to power and the proliferation of his agenda, while assessing the influence of the revolution's pivotal moments on Russian-and global-politics. Provocative and illuminating, Was Revolution Inevitable? provides an in-depth exploration of the conflict that for nearly a century has shaped world history. The Russian Revolution put totalitarian communism into power, fueled Nazism and the Second World War, and forged one of the West's greatest antagonists. Here is a book that scrutinizes how the past, present, and future of global history could have been remarkably different had the events of 1917 unfolded differently and in the process deepens our understanding of what did happen and why. "-- "Communism's rise and eventual fall in Eastern Europe is one of the most important political conflicts of the 20th century. However, the infamous legacy of the Russian Revolution often overshadows the events of the 1917 uprising itself-the complications of which speak volumes to the resulting international turmoil. In Historically Inevitable, former British Ambassador to Russia Sir Tony Brenton compiles essays by top Russian historians-including Orlando Figes, Richard Pipes, and Dominic Lieven-to trace the events and ideology that overthrew the Tsarist regime and evaluate the true implications of the revolution. Formatted chronologically, the essays knit together the compelling narrative of the Russian Revolution, compiling a series of snapshots that capture the multifaceted nature of the uprising and, for the first time, present a counter-factual analysis of what might have gone differently. The course of the narrative takes into account the importance of various key players, such as Grigory Rasputin and Tsar Nicholas II, as well as the intricacies of the time and place. These interwoven details shed light on Vladimir Lenin's rise to power and the proliferation of his agenda, and evaluation of this process along with the effects of the revolution are used to evaluate contemporary Russian politics. Fusing the facts of the conflict with its accompanying drama, Historically Inevitable provides an in-depth exploration of a conflict that shaped our current geopolitical sphere. Thorough and engaging, the work untangles the complications of the past to help understand present and future events"--