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The Most Perfect Thing: Inside (and Outside) a Bird’s Egg

de Tim Birkhead

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1208227,463 (4.19)2
Renowned ornithologist Tim Birkhead uses birds' eggs as wondrous portals into natural history, enlivened by the stories of naturalists and scientists, including Birkhead and his students, whose discoveries have advanced current scientific knowledge of reproduction.
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Mostrando 1-5 de 8 (seguinte | mostrar todas)
Beautifully written. I am grateful nice people like the author exist. I am not an avid fan of guillemots but it appears that is not a prerequisite for enjoying this book. ( )
  Paul_S | Dec 23, 2020 |
This is about birds eggs, just that, and it is like a peek into another world, one of beauty and wonder.

A bit historical, a bit biological and a bit mythical but certainly full of things you didn’t know, things that will not only do you no harm to know but will increase your capacity for awe. Things that will reduce you to that schoolchild sense of discovery and sheer mind boggling gawping.

Non-fiction and non-boring.
============================
I am reminded of an old joke about a scientist that goes to talk to a group of farmers about recent breakthroughs. The scientist introduces himself then says,"Well, I'm a nuclear scientist and I am going to talk about the theory of cold fusion".

A farmer suddenly stood up and said, "Before you do that would you mind if I ask you a question?"

"Well, " said the farmer, "you know how cows, horses, rabbits eat grass and veggies?" The scientist nodded. "I mean some of the stuff comes out in little pellets and other times it comes out looking like a base ball with little hairs sticking out of it. At other times it comes out runny and flattens on the ground." "How come all the same stuff goes in one end but looks so different when it comes out the other end?

The Scientist was silent for a minute then says, "I really have no idea."

The farmer then said: "You want to talk to us farmers about the theory of cold fusion but you don't know shit?"
============================

I only relate that terrible joke because we are surrounded by scientists and others explaining the world away when in reality most of their explanations are pure conjecture. They seem to have a fear of wonder? This book will tell you about miraculous processes that we know absolutely nothing about yet the products of those processes are beauty incandescent.

Give it to someone and they will thank you sincerely ( )
  Ken-Me-Old-Mate | Sep 24, 2020 |
Way back in the 1950’s the Egg Marketing Board recommended that we should ‘go to work on an egg’. It was something that the nation took to heart and nowadays we consume over 11 billion hen’s eggs in the UK. They are a healthy nutritious food; though in my household most of them end up in cakes…

Tim Birkhead has been fascinated by birds and eggs for his entire career. In this book, he seeks to answer a variety of questions. Such as how are eggs formed, how are their colours and shapes created, is the pointed end laid first and are some designed to roll in a circle on a cliff face. Using information from his own scientific research and examples from museum collections and from a whole variety of different birds Birkhead sets about answering some of these by beginning from the moment of fertilisation to the point where the unborn chick makes that first chip in the shell.

We learn how the eggs are made in the oviduct, how the shells are strong enough to be sat upon during incubation and weak enough to allow the chick to escape. There is masses of detail explaining how they breathe, whilst still having a protective layer against water and microbes and explains the purpose of the yolk and albumen. As well as the science, he looks at the history and mankind’s fascination, and sometimes obsession, with eggs bringing alive all sort of weird and wonderful facts. There is details on the parasitic birds like the cuckoo who have the ability to mimic other birds shells almost exactly, as well as lots of his passion for the guillemot and their beautifully patterned eggs.

It is a fascinating account of what you would think is a simple entity. He writes well, managing to get the balance between details, clarity and scientific jargon just about right. Throughout the book, he regularly points out that answering one question frequently prompts two more and tells us where more research is needed as we simply do not know the answers. What makes this particularly special is his boundless enthusiasm for his subject, not just in his own research, but also for the history behind this most perfect of things. 4.5 stars
( )
  PDCRead | Apr 6, 2020 |
One of my favourite writers, Tim Birkhead, and a real treat to have him walk me through an egg. Or rather through several eggs. Peppered with great stories and observations along the way, like goldcrest's legs turning red from incubating and TB's awful disappointment at finding out just how Arabella carried an egg in her bosom. Baker friends have enjoyed learning about what that air sac/gap is at the end of their cooking eggs, and I've enjoyed reading other things like a booklet about Eilean nan Roan with a new view on egg-collecting by climmers. One of those books where scraps and lessons will keep coming back as eggs and birds cross my path. ( )
  emmakendon | Jan 9, 2019 |
Het vogelei. Wonder van volmaaktheid (Nederlandse vertaling door Ronald schrijber /©2016 / De Bezige Bij/ ISBN 978-90-234-9924-4, van The Most Perfect Thing. /©2016 / Bloomsbury London)

Tim Birkhead (° 1950 Leeds - ) Ornitoloog. Studeerde biologie aan de universiteit van Newcastle en aan die van Oxford, waaraan hij in 1976 doctoreerde op een proefschrift over de broedgewoonten en de kans op overleven van zeekoeten. Hij werd in datzelfde jaar hoogleraar dierengedrag en wetenschapsgeschiedenis aan de universiteit van Sheffield.
Hij schreef artikelen in The Guardian, The Independent, de BBC (radio en TV) o.a. “Het vogelei” was de basis voor de documentaire “Attenborough’s egg”, The Biologist e.a. (bron www.wikipedia.org Engelse versie)

Bespreking

Birkhead vertelt enthousiast en overtuigend over hoe vogels hun volgende generaties op de wereld zetten. Zaken over eieren waarvan ik niet het flauwste benul had.

Hij beschrijft delen van het ei en de functies die ze hebben:
• microporiën in de eierschaal en het schaalmembraan en het eimembraan zorgen ervoor dat het embryo zuurstof krijgt, en regelen de vochtbalans in het ei. De schaal moet sterk genoeg zijn om een volwassen vogel die broedt te kunnen dragen, maar niet zo sterk dat het kuiken die niet kan breken.

• De combinatie van de vorm, de grootte, en het aantal eieren dat een vogel van een bepaalde soort gemiddeld legt, beïnvloeden de warmteoverdracht die nodig is om ze met succes uit te broeden. Dat zeekoeten hun eieren met de spitse kan naar beneden in hun uitwerpselen leggen, verkleind de kans dat die van de rotsrichel rollen en stukvallen, en vergroot de kans dat het kuiken boven de uitwerpselen uit het ei komt.

• de kleur van de eierschaal verkleint de kans op predatie en oververhitting van de eieren bij vogelsoorten voor welke dat nodig is, en helpt ouders hun eieren te herkennen.

• in een ei zit: de dooier met het embryo en zijn voedselvoorraad tot aan het breken van het ei, en veerkrachtige spiralen waarmee de dooierzak aan de eischaal vast hangt. Verder vier lagen wit van ei, die een antibacteriële werking hebben waardoor het ei minstens een maand goed blijft.

• conceptie bij vogels die helemaal anders werkt dan bij zoogdieren: om levensvatbaar te zijn moeten er een stuk of zestien reserve spermacellen in de vrouwelijke kiemschijf zitten van een bevrucht vogelei. Zonder deze “fysiologische polyspermie” ontwikkeld het bevruchte ei zich niet tot een levensvatbaar kuiken. Haaien en salamanders hebben ook polyspermie nodig.

Birkhead is een proefondervindelijke wetenschapper in hart en nieren, die experimenten uitkient die statistisch aantonen of een vooropgestelde werkhypothese al dan niet waar is. Hij doet de moeite om na te trekken wat de stand van de wetenschap is, soms gaat het om onderzoeken die 100 tot 150 jaar geleden werden uitgevoerd in andere Europese landen door onderzoekers die hij met name noemt en citeert. En soms met eigen onderzoek valideert. Hij weet dat de resultaten van zijn eigen onderzoek, mogelijk voorbijgestreefd zullen worden door betere, meer nauwkeurige verklaringen. Dat siert hem.

En hij durft een kat een kat noemen als het gaat over methoden om bijna uitgestorven diersoorten te “redden”:
(p.254-255) ./.. Om een vogelpopulatie te redden die met uitsterven wordt bedreigd, zit er vaak weinig anders op dan de laatste overlevenden gevangen te nemen en te proberen hiermee te fokken. In sommige gevallen lijkt dat goed te werken, zoals met de Californische condor. In andere gevallen wordt slechts een gering broedsucces behaald en neemt het aantal eieren dat uitkomt alleen maar af. De Spix’ ara is misschien wel het extreme voorbeeld van een soort waarvan de eieren niet uitkomen. … omdat een aanzienlijk deel van de eieren - ongeveer de helft - niet werd bevrucht.
Dit lijkt voor de hand te liggen, aangezien er binnen de gevangen populatie sprake is van een hoge mate van inteelt, bijna alle nog levende vogels zijn afkomstig van hetzelfde paar. Gebrekkige testikels blijken een prijs die voor inteelt moet worden betaald. … ( )
  KoenvMeulen | Dec 6, 2018 |
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Renowned ornithologist Tim Birkhead uses birds' eggs as wondrous portals into natural history, enlivened by the stories of naturalists and scientists, including Birkhead and his students, whose discoveries have advanced current scientific knowledge of reproduction.

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